What is a NAICS Code and Why do I Need One?

silver and gold numbers scattered on table

A NAICS (pronounced NAKES) code, or North American Industry Classification System code, is a six-digit number used to classify businesses by industry. Federal agencies use these codes to collect and analyze economic data. Businesses rely on NAICS codes for market research, government contracts, and tax incentives. This article will explore what is a NAICS code, why they matter, and how they are structured and used.

Key Takeaways

  • NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) standardizes industry classification across the U.S., Canada, and Mexico, replacing the older SIC system in 1997.
  • The six-digit NAICS codes categorize business establishments hierarchically, facilitating accurate statistical analysis, government contracting, and access to tax incentives.
  • Businesses must accurately assign and periodically update their NAICS codes to reflect their primary activities, ensuring compliance and maximizing potential benefits.

North American Industry Classification System manual.

Understanding NAICS Codes: What Is a NAICS Code?

The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is an invaluable tool that standardizes the way industries are categorized throughout North America. This system, developed collaboratively by the United States, Canada, and Mexico, replaced the older Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system in 1997. The primary goal of NAICS is to enable federal agencies to collect, analyze, and publish statistical data related to the U.S. economy more effectively.

A NAICS Code is a classification within this system, specifically designed to facilitate the organization and analysis of economic data across various sectors. The NAICS classification system is vital for businesses, not only for understanding their market but also for improving statistical data collection and analysis.

NAICS codes are essential for classifying business establishments by industry, which in turn helps in statistical reporting, government contracting, and accessing tax incentives.

What is a NAICS Code?

Naics at center of colorful gears

A NAICS Code is a unique identifier within the North American Industry Classification System, crafted for the meticulous organization and analysis of economic data related to the U.S. economy. This system enables federal agencies to gather and analyze data, providing a standardized way to categorize industries. Introduced in 1997, NAICS replaced the standard industrial classification (sic or naics code) system, marking a significant advancement in business classification.

The collaborative development of NAICS by the United States, Canada, and Mexico ensures that business statistics are comparable across these countries. This comparability is crucial for businesses, as it aids in statistical analysis, government contracting, and accessing tax incentives.

Understanding their NAICS code helps businesses with compliance and market analysis, significantly impacting strategic decisions.

History of NAICS

NAICS was introduced in 1997. It replaced the outdated Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. This change was driven by the need for a more accurate and standardized system that could keep up with the evolving business landscape. The development of NAICS was a collaborative effort involving the U.S. Economic Classification Policy Committee, Statistics Canada, and Mexico’s Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia.

Since its inception, NAICS has undergone several updates to remain relevant. The most recent update in 2022 introduced modifications to sectors such as mining, retail trade, and financial activities, reflecting the latest economic developments. These updates ensure that NAICS continues to provide accurate classifications that support the comparability of business statistics across North America.

Structure of NAICS Codes

NAICS employs a six-digit coding format that categorizes industries within a hierarchical structure. The first two digits of a NAICS code indicate the sector, such as manufacturing or retail. The next digits further refine this classification into subsectors, industry groups, specific industries, and national industries. This hierarchical nature allows for detailed and precise classification, facilitating accurate economic analysis.

For instance, while a two-digit code might represent the broader sector of manufacturing, the six-digit code can pinpoint a specific type of manufacturing, such as electronic component manufacturing. Some sources may extend these codes beyond six digits to indicate even more specialized industries, providing further granularity.

Understanding this structure is crucial for businesses to accurately classify their activities and benefit from targeted economic data.

Why Businesses Need a NAICS Code

NAICS codes are indispensable for businesses for several reasons. They facilitate statistical analysis, help in securing government contracts, and enable access to tax incentives. By accurately classifying their primary business activity, companies can leverage these codes to enhance their market understanding and strategic planning.

The following subsections will delve into the specific benefits of NAICS codes, including their role in statistical analysis, government contracts, and tax incentives.

Statistical Analysis

Federal statistical agencies use NAICS codes to categorize business establishments for data collection, analysis, and publication. This standardized classification allows for the accurate gathering and dissemination of economic data, which is crucial for understanding industry performance and trends. For businesses, knowing their NAICS code helps identify their market sector and aids in strategic decision-making based on reliable data.

The Census Bureau and other agencies rely on NAICS codes to publish comprehensive statistical data related to the business economy in the U.S. This data is vital for businesses to conduct market analysis, benchmark their performance, and identify new opportunities. By providing a consistent framework for data collection, NAICS codes ensure that the statistical analysis is robust and meaningful.

Government Contracts

When applying for federal contracts, businesses must use NAICS codes to classify their bids by industry. This classification helps government agencies evaluate and compare bids accurately, ensuring that the procurement process is fair and transparent. Eligibility for certain federal contracts often depends on correctly matching a business’s offerings to the appropriate NAICS code.

For businesses, having the correct NAICS code can open doors to numerous government procurement opportunities. Companies must understand and accurately identify their primary business activities to qualify for these contracts. By doing so, businesses can enhance their chances of securing lucrative government contracts and expanding their operations.

Tax Incentives

Accurate NAICS codes are crucial for businesses to access specific tax benefits and incentives. Tax authorities use these codes to evaluate and grant incentives tailored to particular industries. For instance, a business in a high-tech sector might qualify for research and development tax credits if correctly classified.

Having the correct NAICS code can significantly enhance a business’s financial benefits by unlocking various tax incentives provided by government entities. Businesses must ensure their NAICS code accurately reflects their primary activities to maximize these benefits. This accurate classification can lead to substantial savings and improved financial health for the company.

How do I get a NAICS Code?

NAICS is a Self-Assigned System; no one assigns you a NAICS Code. What this means is a company selects the code that best depicts their primary business activity and then uses it when asked for their code. If your Business Activities include more than one Unique Line of Business, you may want to use more than one NAICS Code. You can use our Site to view the Available NAICS Codes, as well as use our Keyword search to guide you to the correct NAICS Codes. If you need assistance determining an appropriate NAICS code for your Business Entity, you can contact the Census Bureau at 1-888-756-2427 or [email protected]. The Census Bureau is the Authority in such matters.

Why Do I Need a NAICS Code?

The system was developed for statistical analysis, however, various government agencies, trade associations, and regulatory boards have adapted the NAICS classification system for their internal needs.

Some of these agencies post contract bids to any business within a given NAICS code, such as the SBA through the System for Award Management (SAM). Other government entities may offer tax incentives to businesses within a given NAICS Classification.

Companies also rely on the NAICS code to classify their own customers by industry.  Many Target their Marketing Efforts to Businesses within a particular NAICS Code. NAICS Codes allow them to focus their Targeted Marketing Efforts on companies in similar or identical Industries. By Acquiring NAICS Information, one can gain a better understanding of  their best customers and the industries that might best benefit from their products and services.

Someone Gave Me the Wrong NAICS Code; What do I do?

Some organizations may associate a NAICS Code with you when they interact with you. If you feel that an agency has given you an incorrect NAICS Code, you may reach out to them to solve the problem.  If you have been asked for a NAICS code by an organization or government entity, the requesting organization would be the appropriate entity to contact regarding their need for or use of the code.  

The only instances in which your code can not be fully self assigned for official purposes, is within OSHA, the EPA, and the DEP, which assign codes based on environmental factors and not by revenue.

Again, your NAICS code is reflective of your primary business activity and is almost always a self-assigned system. While some organizations may assign a Code to you for their internal records, they can not do so in a universal capacity.

Assigning and Updating NAICS Codes

Assigning naics codes is a self-directed process where a company selects the code that best represents its primary revenue-generating activity. However, it is crucial to choose the correct code to avoid misclassification and ensure compliance with various regulations. Establishments are typically assigned a single NAICS code, but they must periodically review and update their classification to reflect any changes in their business activities.

The U.S. Census Bureau reviews NAICS codes every five years to ensure the system remains relevant and reflective of economic changes. The last review was completed in 2022, and the next is scheduled for 2027. During these reviews, public comments are sought to suggest changes or new codes for emerging industries.

Businesses must keep up with these updates to maintain accurate classifications.

Common Issues with NAICS Codes

Misclassifying a business’s primary activities can lead to selecting an incorrect NAICS code, which can have significant consequences. One common issue is failing to read the detailed descriptions of NAICS codes thoroughly, resulting in overlooked key details and misclassification. Another problem is overloading classifications with too many NAICS codes, which can create confusion and dilute the primary business focus.

If you receive an incorrect NAICS code, it is essential to contact the organization that provided it to resolve the issue. Misclassification can lead to compliance problems and impact a company’s ability to access certain benefits and opportunities.

Understanding these common issues and how to address them helps businesses ensure accurate classification and avoid potential pitfalls.

Emerging Industries and NAICS Codes

Colorful images of emerging industries

As the economy evolves, so do the classifications within NAICS. Emerging industries, particularly in technology and services, have been integrated into the NAICS system to reflect economic developments. These additions ensure that businesses within these new sectors are properly classified and considered in economic data.

Maintaining the relevance of NAICS is crucial for providing accurate statistical data and facilitating effective business practices. The system’s ability to adapt to new industries through periodic updates ensures that it remains a valuable tool for businesses and statistical agencies alike. To stay competitive and compliant, businesses must understand and keep up with these changes.

NAICS Association for all Things NAICS Codes

The NAICS Association is a primary resource for all things related to NAICS and SIC codes. We offer extensive data and tools online, including services that enrich B2B data by appending NAICS/SIC codes and vital company information. For businesses looking to obtain specific company records, our U.S. Company Lookup Tool provided by the NAICS Association is invaluable.

In addition to data tools, the NAICS Association offers customizable marketing list services based on various criteria, such as industry data and company size. We also produce reference files for NAICS and SIC codes available in hardcover, softcover, and electronic formats.

For more detailed information and resources, visit NAICS.com and explore the comprehensive services we offer. If you have more questions regarding NAICS codes please view our Frequently Asked Questinos section below, our page dedicated to NAICS FAQs, or contact us directly today!

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need a NAICS code for LLC?

You generally do not need a NAICS code to form an LLC, as most states do not require it. However, eight states—Alaska, Arkansas, Connecticut, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Hampshire, and New Mexico—do have this requirement.

What is a NAICS code for a business?

A NAICS code is used to classify businesses by type, facilitating standardized data collection and analysis across the United States, Mexico, and Canada. This system aids federal agencies in understanding the business economy more effectively.

What is a NAICS Code?

A NAICS Code is a classification system used to categorize businesses for statistical purposes in the North American economy. It is essential for understanding industry data and economic analysis.

When was the NAICS system adopted?

The NAICS system was adopted in 1997 to replace the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system.

How is a NAICS Code assigned?

A NAICS Code is assigned by the company itself as they select the code that accurately represents their primary business activity. This self-assignment allows for flexibility in categorizing their operations.

How do I get a NAICS Code?

Read our blog to help answer the question of How Do I Get a NAICS Code . NAICS is a Self-Assigned System; no one assigns you a NAICS Code. What this means is a company selects the code that best depicts their primary business activity and then uses it when asked for their code. If your Business Activities include more than one Unique Line of Business, you may want to use more than one NAICS Code. You can use our Site to view the Available NAICS Codes, as well as use our Keyword search to guide you to the correct NAICS Codes. If you need assistance determining an appropriate NAICS code for your Business Entity, you can contact the Census Bureau at 1-888-756-2427 or [email protected]. The Census Bureau is the Authority in such matters.

Why Do I Need a NAICS Code?

The system was developed for statistical analysis, however, various government agencies, trade associations, and regulatory boards have adapted the NAICS classification system for their internal needs.

Some of these agencies post contract bids to any business within a given NAICS code, such as the SBA through the System for Award Management (SAM). Other government entities may offer tax incentives to businesses within a given NAICS Classification.

Companies also rely on the NAICS code to classify their own customers by industry.  Many Target their Marketing Efforts to Businesses within a particular NAICS Code. NAICS Codes allow them to focus their Targeted Marketing Efforts on companies in similar or identical Industries. By Acquiring NAICS Information, one can gain a better understanding of  their best customers and the industries that might best benefit from their products and services.

Someone Gave Me the Wrong NAICS Code; What do I do?

Some organizations may associate a NAICS Code with you when they interact with you. If you feel that an agency has given you an incorrect NAICS Code, you may reach out to them to solve the problem.  If you have been asked for a NAICS code by an organization or government entity, the requesting organization would be the appropriate entity to contact regarding their need for or use of the code.  

The only instances in which your code can not be fully self assigned for official purposes, is within OSHA, the EPA, and the DEP, which assign codes based on environmental factors and not by revenue.

Again, your NAICS code is reflective of your primary business activity and is almost always a self-assigned system. While some organizations may assign a Code to you for their internal records, they can not do so in a universal capacity.

Have Further Questions about NAICS? Click to View Our Detailed FAQ on NAICS.

Save

Save

Save

Save

Save

Save